Building Codes for Bathroom Lighting Fixtures
The most common reference for rules regarding the type of fixture that can be used in a bathroom is the National Electrical Code book published by the National Fire Protection Association. The 2014 copy is the last edition and defines three types of conditions: dry, wet and humid. Lighting fixtures must indicate the correct design of the location where they will be installed.
Device ratings
The appropriate rating for the fixtures will normally be on a sticker attached to the fixture housing. Luminaires marked "Suitable for dry locations only" must be installed indoors in a dry location. Luminaires marked "Suitable for wet locations" can be used in wet or dry locations and when marked "Suitable for wet locations", the fixture can be installed in one of three locations: dry, wet or humid. It is important to purchase a fixture compatible with the location where you plan to install it to avoid building code violations.
Wetland or wetland boundary
The defined areas of the bathroom are based on the edge of the bathtub or the threshold of the shower cabin. The rule stipulates that “no hanging, suspended, suspended, suspended or suspended ceiling fan light must be located in an area less than 8 feet vertically and 3 feet horizontally from the edge of the bathtub or the threshold of the shower". Measure 3 feet away from the edge of the tub horizontally and 8 feet from this point. This defines the boundary around the tub. The code also states that "this space encompasses everything and includes the space directly above the bath or shower cubicle". The fixtures installed in this bathtub or shower area must be marked "Suitable for humid places", unless they are exposed to a shower jet, in which case they must be marked "Suitable for humid places".
other considerations
When installing a light, make sure that at least one wall switch light is installed in your bathroom to meet the requirements of the NEC code. The outlet in the bathroom will be protected by an interruption of the earth leakage circuit, or GFCI. The GFCI can be integrated into the outlet or the branch circuit for the whole bathroom can be protected by a GFCI circuit breaker in your circuit breaker box. Make sure you know where the GFCI is, if it protects your light fixture in addition to the outlet, and if your local code requires it.
Local code considerations
The National Electrical Code book defines the most commonly used rules for electrical installation codes, but gives some latitude to your state or municipality. Cities, states and counties may also apply additional rules based on local experience and opinion. It is always wise to check with this source if in doubt. Most reputable hardware stores include the NEC code, as well as local codes, and are also an excellent source of information and advice.